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詞彙辨析:describe、depict、portray、label的不同?

由 施說英語 發表于 藝術2022-09-14
簡介語言點:clamp down on:打壓、收緊、整治set the scene for:準備好characterise somebodysomething as釋義:描述人或事的特徵,特別是為了讓人們相信一些可能不是真實的東西

label英語怎麼讀

本期介紹英語中和“描述”有關的 6 個表達以及地道的用法。

詞彙辨析:describe、depict、portray、label的不同?

來自網際網路

describe something/somebody as

釋義:描述,通常反映了描述者的看法

例句1:

Hospitals set prices using various multipliers and formulas that are often outdated and not linked to costs or quality—a process that the late Uwe Reinhardt, an economist at Princeton University, once

described

as “chaos behind a veil of secrecy”。 Studies of people in high-deductible plans show that when they have access to prices they reduce their use of services but do not pay less for them。 (《經濟學人》2019-01-12)

醫院定價依據的各種乘數和公式通常都是過時的,和成本與質量毫無掛鉤。已故的普林斯頓大學經濟學家Uwe Reinhardt曾經將這種做法稱為“神秘面紗背後的混亂”。研究發現,選擇高自付額計劃的人如果知道價格,他們會減少使用服務,但是付的錢卻還是不會少。

語言點:

set prices:定價

have access to:獲得,使用

例句2:

But by the end of the 19th century the state had begun to clamp down on the exploitation of children in the West。 Education for the younger age groups became mandatory in ever more countries。 Children were seen as in need of protection, and their period of economic dependency lengthened in both Europe and America。 The scene was set for the emergence of what Viviana Zelizer, a sociologist at Princeton, has memorably

described

as “the economically useless but emotionally priceless child”。 (《經濟學人》2019-01-05)

然而,到19世紀末,西方國家已經著手整治兒童剝削問題。越來越多國家針對青少年開展義務教育。人們把兒童看成是需要保護的物件,歐美兒童經濟不獨立的時間都延長了。普林斯頓大學社會學家Viviana Zelizer所描述的“經濟無用而情感無價的孩子”出現的條件已經成熟了。

語言點:

clamp down on:打壓、收緊、整治

set the scene for:準備好

characterise somebody/something as

釋義:描述人或事的特徵,特別是為了讓人們相信一些可能不是真實的東西。

例句1:

Mr。 Autor and Ms。 Fournier reckon that new types of jobs fall into three broad categories: frontier work, closely associated with new technologies; wealth work, catering to the needs of well-to-do professionals; and “last-mile jobs”, which Mr Autor

characterises

as those left over when most of a task has been automated。 (《經濟學人》2019-01-12)

Autor先生和Fournier女士認為新興職業主要有三大型別:和新科技緊密聯絡的前沿職業、對接富有人才的需求的財富職業、“最後一公里職業”。根據Autor先生的定義,第三類職業涵蓋的是自動化後剩餘的內容。

語言點:

fall into:分成(……類)

cater to:迎合

leave over:剩下

label somebody/something as

釋義:通常指的是不正確地描述人或事。

例句:

In 2015, five years after its report, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission said the Bureau of Prisons had fixed the problem。 The agency had created an anti-harassment policy, made commission counsellors more independent and formalized the process used to vet employees for promotion。 The old system, the commission had found, tended to overlook harassment accusations against employees and

label

those who filed complaints as “troublemakers。” (《紐約時報》2018-11-30)

2015年(報告發布五年後),公平就業機會委員會(Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)說,聯邦監獄局已經把問題解決了。該機構已經推出反騷擾政策,讓委員會顧問變得更加獨立,還將員工升職稽核過程正式化。委員會發現,在舊系統下,針對員工的騷擾行為提出的控告常常被忽略,而那些提出控告的人則被說成是“鬧事者”。

語言點:

file a complaint:投訴;提出控告

portray/represent somebody/something as

釋義:描述人或事,使人們對這些人或事產生不正確的認識。

例句1:

But dissonance rains down from the top。 In November, the White House not only took the unprecedented step of banning a reporter—it then released, as supporting evidence, an apparently doctored video, digitally altered to

portray

actions that had not occurred。 (《時代週刊》2018-12-24)

但是矛盾鋪天蓋地而來。11月,白宮破天荒地禁止一名記者出席記者會,然後釋出了一段明顯經過竄改的影片,作為支撐證據。該影片經過數字處理,呈現了一些並沒有發生的行為。

語言點:

rain down:如雨般落下

例句2:

Since XXXTentacion’s death, what was once a moral debate over the music industry’s complicity in his rise to stardom has turned into a battle over his legacy。 In connection with the release of his first posthumous album, “Skins,” his team has hit the media circuit to

portray

him as a martyr, not a monster。 (《紐約時報》2018-11-12)

XXXTentacion一夜成名後,人們對背後音樂行業合謀的道德問題存在爭議。在他死後,這場爭議演變成了對其遺產的爭論。他死後的首張專輯《Skins》釋出時,他的團隊在各大媒體上將他刻畫為烈士,而非怪物。

語言點:

rise to stardom:成名

turn into:演變成

depict somebody/something as

書面用語,使用大量細節來描述人或事,提供真實的情況。

例句1:

In the two millennia from antiquity to the 17th century, children were mostly seen as imperfect adults。 Medieval works of art typically

depict

them as miniature grown-ups。 (《經濟學人》2019-01-05)

17世紀以前的兩千年裡,兒童主要被看作有缺陷的成年人。中世紀的藝術作品通常將他們描述小型的成年人。

例句2:

Though the show omits some of the character’s cruellest moments, Hughes doesn’t flinch in

depicting

her as a selfish, conniving life ruiner。 (《時代週刊》2018-12-17)

雖然節目略去了該角色某些無比兇殘的行為,Hughes卻毫不畏縮地將她刻畫成自私陰險的生活破壞者。

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