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乾貨!考研英語作文如何拿高分?提前做好這5件事

由 英語研值帝 發表于 運動2021-11-06
簡介下文是一篇闡釋愛心的優秀文章,多處用詞精巧,現將文中關於愛心這一主題的詞彙總結如下:愛心主題的詞彙emotional strength 情感的力量the noblest of human emotions 人類最高尚的情感no though

英語作文如何拿滿分

考研人要想提高英語寫作能力,

拿到英語作文高分,

肯定要在這五個方面下功夫苦練。

知道了苦練方法,還得搞清楚苦練物件,

對哪些內容進行研習背誦默寫互譯模仿呢?

五個方面:

重點詞彙、常用套語、精彩句子、

優秀段落、經典篇章。

我們逐一來看!

乾貨!考研英語作文如何拿高分?提前做好這5件事

(公眾號“好輕鬆考研”後臺回覆【真題】,領取30年考研真題)

01、重點詞彙

美妙的用詞及搭配皆在此列,像fall victim(受害)、stand a fair chance(大有希望)這種地道的動賓搭配要勤加記憶。為了積累寫作詞彙,應將文中同屬一個話題的用詞彙總歸納,組成主題詞族(topic family)。歸類記憶可以使自己日後即寫即用,得心應手。

下文是一篇闡釋愛心的優秀文章,多處用詞精巧,現將文中關於愛心這一主題的詞彙總結如下:

愛心主題的詞彙

emotional strength 情感的力量

the noblest of human emotions 人類最高尚的情感

no thought of gain 不計得失

the lamp of love 愛心之燈

help the victims of natural disasters 支援自然災害受害者

donate whatever they can 傾囊相助

help their needy fellow citizens 幫助有需要的同胞

be ready to give a helping hand 隨時準備伸出援手

2001年考研英語寫作真題範文

When we use the word “love”, we do not simply mean an attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow definition of the word。 Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes。 In fact, throughout history people of many different cultures have regarded love as the noblest of human emotions。

當我們用“愛”這個詞時,我們不僅僅指異性對一個人的吸引,這只是對這個詞非常狹隘的解釋。愛心是一種情感的力量,不論我們周圍的世界多麼黑暗,愛心都能支撐我們。事實上,縱觀歷史,不同文化背景的人都把愛看成是人類最高尚的情感。

As an example of the power of love, we should remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the call to help the victims of natural disasters every year。 Although their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can ― be it money or goods ― to help their needy fellow citizens。 Moreover, they do this with no thought of gain for themselves。

說到愛心的力量,我們馬上就會想起每年中國各族人民是如何響應號召支援自然災害受害者的。儘管按照國際標準他們的收入還處於低水平,全國人民毫不猶豫地傾囊相助――不管是錢還是物――幫助那些有需要的同胞。而且,他們這麼做並不考慮自己的得失。

In my opinion, the best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are。 We should always be ready to give a helping hand to those who are in trouble, no matter whether they are family members or complete strangers。 In this way, we can help to make the world a better place, for the darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines。

我認為,表達愛心的最好方式是幫助比我們更加不幸的人。我們應該隨時準備向有困難的人伸出援助之手,無論他們是家庭成員還是素昧平生。這樣,我們就能夠助一臂之力把世界變成一個更美好的地方,因為,悲傷的陰影越黑暗,愛心之燈的光芒就越閃亮。

02、常用套語

套語指流行的公式化語言,在寫作中適當使用頗有必要。如在商業信函結尾,期望對方早日回覆的表達方式就要遵循套語的基本模式,使表達規範得體。

下面試舉幾個例子

Kindly favor us with an early reply。 請早日賜復。

Your prompt reply will be highly appreciated。 如能及時回覆,將不勝感謝。

We look forward to hearing from you soon。 早日回覆。

We are expecting your prompt reply。 急盼回覆。

Please have the kindness to answer this letter quickly。 請早日回信。

Kindly let us have your reply at your earliest convenience。 請在您方便時儘早賜函。

We would appreciate it if you could respond right away。 如能即刻回覆,將不勝感謝。

當前流行應試寫作模板,即套語的使用貫穿文章始終,為考生提供“萬能公式型”的文章主框架,每句表達皆由固定套語框定,考生只要背下套用句型、過渡詞語,在考試中根據特定考題填充具體內容即可。用這種應試策略寫出的文章矯揉造作,生硬刻板,雖可以讓考生及格過關,但絕對得不到高分。

套語的過多使用不妨可以比作大海中的救生圈,有了它,僅僅可以讓不擅游泳者保全性命,卻無法自在暢遊,一展泳姿。一般而言,套語較為空洞,如使用過多,文章容易流於空泛,言之無物。寫作宜虛實結合,形式與內容相統一。

下例是一篇比較在家學習與入校讀書二者優劣的範文,文中巧妙地使用了一些固定句式和過渡詞語,不僅增強了表達效果,而且實現了形式與內容的統一。

範文

There are two major arguments that can be made for

studying at home。

First,

as advances in the electronic media have brought the whole world of scholarship into the home via the Internet and educational courses on TV, the classroom is no longer the only place for acquiring knowledge。

Second, it is widely held that

a person studies better in the familiar surroundings of his own home and when he can arrange his own study time。

關於在家學習,我們可以提出兩個主要理由。第一,由於電子媒體方面取得的進步把整個世界的知識透過網際網路和電視上的教育課程帶入了家庭,教室不再是唯一獲取知識的場所。第二,人們普遍認為,在自己家裡這樣熟悉的環境中學習,並且能自己安排學習時間,一個人能學得更好。

But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are advantages to

studying in the classroom, too。 Being surrounded by people of roughly the same abilities and interests can be a great stimulus to acquiring knowledge, whereas studying in solitude at home is boring for many people。

More importantly, there can be no substitute for

a good teacher, who must not only be able to impart facts and theories, but also to appraise and encourage his students。

但是,我們不能忽視在教室裡學習也有好處這一事實。周圍都是能力相近和興趣相投的人可能會對獲取知識形成巨大的刺激,而對很多人來說獨自一人在家學習會有些枯燥乏味。更重要的是,沒有什麼可以替代一個好老師,他不僅能夠傳道授業,而且能夠評估並鼓勵學生。

Given the choice between

these two methods of learning,

I prefer

the classroom。 This is because I am the sort of person who finds it difficult to concentrate on study in the midst of household chores, and disturbances from visitors and telephone calls。 The classroom environment, I feel, is the only one in which most people feel comfortable applying all their energies to the all-important task of acquiring knowledge。

如果在兩種學習方法中選擇,我更喜歡在教室裡學習,因為我是那種很難在家務瑣事、客人、電話的打擾下集中注意力學習的人。我認為大多數人只有在教室裡才能把全部精力放在獲取知識這件十分重要的事上。

乾貨!考研英語作文如何拿高分?提前做好這5件事

03、精彩句子

精彩句子指文章中句式優美、蘊含哲理的句子。精彩句子的背誦有助於寫作時的引用和模仿。

如在閱讀美國前總統約翰·肯尼迪(John F。 Kennedy)的就職演說(Inaugural Address)時,可以記住諸如“Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country。 ”(不要問國家能為你做什麼,而要問你能為國家做什麼。)這樣的傳世佳句;當你寫關於愛國(patriotism)主題的作文時,則可以適時引用。

現仍以上面談“愛心”的文章為例,其中值得背誦的句子為數不少,摘錄如下:

愛心主題佳句

① Love is emotional strength, which can support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes。

愛心是情感的力量,不論我們周圍的世界多麼黑暗,愛心都能支撐我們。

② People all over the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can ― be it money or goods ― to help their needy fellow citizens。

全國人民毫不猶豫地傾囊相助――不管是錢還是物――幫助那些有需要的同胞。

③ The best way to show love is to help people who are more unfortunate than we are。

表達愛心的最好方式是幫助比我們更加不幸的人。

④ The darker the shadows of sorrow become, the more brightly the lamp of love shines。

悲傷的陰影越黑暗,愛心之燈的光芒就越明亮。

04、優秀段落

閱讀時,我們經常會碰到一些過目難忘的段落。這些段落或者表達流暢、文筆優美,或者邏輯縝密、結構嚴謹。根據表達需要,有不同的功能段落,如現象說明段、觀點陳述段、原因列舉段、利弊解釋段、結論歸納段、趨勢預測段、措施建議段等。

有些優秀段落可以作為寫作的功能段落加以背誦,對於我們拓展思路、規範行文大有裨益。在背誦過程中,熟練掌握各種功能段落的行文規則,自己在表達時就能駕輕就熟。

下面僅舉觀點陳述段和措施建議段各一例。

觀點陳述段

(陳述“民族文化應該成為世界文化”的觀點,2002年考研英語寫作真題)

A culture of one nation may become international, which is beneficial for all mankind。 Since China has opened its doors widely to the outside world, many people from different countries want to visit China。 They will come to accept and love Chinese culture as a whole。 In addition, Chinese culture should be shared generously with foreign people, who show great interest in it。 Meanwhile, as more and more foreigners come to China, they bring aspects of their own culture to share with the Chinese people。 In this way, people from various nations in the world will be able to acquire a better understanding of each other and live peacefully together。

一個國家的文化可能成為世界文化,這對全人類都有益。由於中國已經向外界敞開了國門,許多來自不同國家的人都希望來看一看中國。他們會開始接受並喜歡整個中國文化,中國文化應該大大方方地讓感興趣的外國人分享。與此同時,隨著來中國的外國人越來越多,他們也把他們自己的文化帶給了中國人民。這樣,世界各國的人們就能夠更好地相互理解、和平相處。

措施建議段

(建議“人口老齡化”的解決措施)

The speed at which the population is aging has made it more urgent for the adoption of countermeasures。 No doubt, the key is to build a solid economic foundation。 Meanwhile, importance should be attached to overall social progress by changing the backward situation in social security, welfare and service。 What‘s more, family care and community services should also be encouraged。

人口老齡化的加速使採取應對措施變得更為緊迫。毫無疑問,解決問題的關鍵是建立穩固的經濟基礎。與此同時,應該重視整體的社會進步,改變社會保障、福利和服務的落後局面。除此之外,應該鼓勵居家護理和社群服務。

乾貨!考研英語作文如何拿高分?提前做好這5件事

05、經典篇章

古往今來,英語寶庫中湧現出大批經典佳作,如林肯的《葛底斯堡演說》(The Gettysburg Address)、福克納的諾貝爾獎演說(Banquet Speech)、海倫·凱勒的《給我三天光明》(Three Days to See)。

這些文章在文字的運用上技法高超,在思想內涵上寓意深刻,讀來字字珠璣,文字優美,啟迪心智,含義雋永(full of exquisite words and truth, satisfying the mind, appealing to the heart)。這樣的文章如不能熟讀成誦,則無法融會貫通。背誦一定數量的經典名篇既有助於提高自己遣詞造句的能力,也有助於加強自己表達思想的深度。

下面的一篇短文是英國哲學家羅素(Bertrand Russell)自傳的序言部分,題為What I Have Lived For(我的人生追求),概述了作者一生追求的三種理想,文章在語言和思想兩個方面都堪稱經典,值得背誦。

What I Have Lived For

我的人生追求

Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind。 These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair。

有三種簡單然而無比強烈的激情左右了我的一生:對愛的渴望、對知識的探索和對人類苦難的難以忍受的憐憫。這些激情像颶風,無處不在、反覆無常地吹拂著我,吹過深重的苦海,瀕於絕境。

I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy ― ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy。 I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness ― that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss。 I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined。 This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what ― at last ― I have found。

我尋找愛,首先是因為它使人心醉神迷,這種陶醉是如此的美妙,使我願意犧牲所有的餘生去換取幾個小時這樣的欣喜。我尋找愛,還因為它解除孤獨,在可怕的孤獨中,一顆顫抖的靈魂從世界的邊緣看到冰冷、無底、死寂的深淵。最後,我尋找愛,還因為在愛的交融中,神秘而又具體而微地,我看到了聖賢和詩人們想象出的天堂的前景。這就是我所尋找的,而且,雖然對人生來說似乎過於美妙,這也是我終於找到了的。

With equal passion I have sought knowledge。 I have wished to understand the hearts of men。 I have wished to know why the stars shine。 And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux。 A little of this, but not much, I have achieved。

以同樣的激情我探索知識。我希望能夠理解人類的心靈。我希望能夠知道群星為何閃爍。我試圖領悟畢達哥拉斯所景仰的數字力量,它支配著此消彼漲。僅在不大的一定程度上,我達到了此目的。

Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens。 But always pity brought me back to earth。 Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart。 Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people ― a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be。 I long to alleviate the evil, but I can’t, and I too suffer。

愛和知識,只要有可能,通向著天堂。但是憐憫總把我帶回塵世。痛苦呼喊的回聲迴盪在我的內心。忍飢挨餓的孩子,慘遭壓迫者摧殘的受害者,被兒女們視為可憎負擔的無助的老人,連同這整個充滿了孤獨、貧窮和痛苦的世界,使人類所應有的生活成為了笑柄。我渴望能夠減少邪惡,但是我無能為力,而且我自己也在忍受折磨。

This has been my life。 I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me。

這就是我的一生。我發現它值得一過。如果再給我一次機會,我會很高興地再活它一次。(方舟子 譯)

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